Recently, I was faced with the question, “When was the last time you multitasked?” Although a seemingly straightforward question, I found it difficult to answer.
Multitasking is defined as doing more than one task at the same time and can result in the feeling of increased productivity. However, research has shown that our brains are not good at handling multiple tasks and that multitasking reduces productivity by as much as 40 percent.
This question was difficult for me to answer because while I do feel there are some tasks that can be multitasked (e.g., doing laundry while cleaning the kitchen, talking on the phone while driving, or walking my dog), the bulk of my day-to-day work cannot be multitasked.
For example, it would be nearly impossible to write a byline for one client and host a media briefing while also brainstorming proactive pitch ideas. One could attempt to do all three of these projects, but ultimately the result of each would be poor. Even more basic multitasking can be risky and should be used with caution. Talking on the phone (hands free) while driving can distract a driver from the road or alternatively, could lead to a conversation that lacks active listening and damages a relationship.
In an NPR interview, MIT professor of neuroscience Earl Miller said, “People can’t multitask very well, and when people say they can, they’re deluding themselves. The brain is very good at deluding itself. For the most part, we simply can’t focus on more than one thing at a time.”
While research challenges the concept of multitasking, it is important to distinguish that there is a time and a place for multitasking. Some forms of simple multitasking will not result in damage (e.g., cleaning while watching TV or talking on the phone), however, complex tasks should not be multitasked because of the potential impact ineffectiveness could have.
As an alternative, there is an opportunity for people to shift their approach to time management. Instead of feeling the need to do multiple tasks at once, a more effective approach to multitasking could be to create a list of a few tasks that need to be completed and then execute the tasks in rapid succession. This separation of activity allows our brains to compartmentalize tasks and focus on one thing at a time while still getting a significant amount of work done. Through this flow of work, we still feel the same results of multitasking (increased productivity and motivation), but without risking value.
As we enter the holiday season, multitasking might feel like the only way to get everything done in time. Below are five time management tips to consider when managing multiple tasks:
- Manage your calendar and don’t overcommit to projects and deadlines.
- Minimize interruptions; hide your phone or block yourself from social media applications.
- Prioritize your tasks and take one item at a time.
- Delegate work if you can and know when to ask for support.
- Block time for breaks or creative exercises in between projects.
As someone who is very to-do list oriented, completing projects and crossing items off my to-do list one after the other is not only therapeutic, but has become my form of modern multitasking. The five tactics above can be helpful to leverage when feeling overwhelmed. These tips can improve overall quality of work by avoiding multitasking and taking a more thoughtful approach to time management.